Category Archives: General Management
Lifting of Excommunication
You may have heard the latest news that the German Chancellor Angela Merkel was demanding the Pope to reject the denial of the Holocaust. This has become the leading world news recently. The root of such argument on a historical tragic event happened during World War II is the action by the Pope to lift […]
The Church of the Holy Sepulchre 聖塚教堂
昨天看到世界新聞,說有兩基督教派的教士在耶路撒冷著名的聖塚教堂發生打鬥事件。詳請可以看看BBC新聞報導。聖塚教堂是各基督教派爭權奪利的其中一個重要地點,這個過程已延續了千多年,新聞不斷出現。BBC較早前有一篇特稿,名為聖塚的不神聖爭執,詳細解釋爭執的由來和發展。 我去年曾在耶路撒冷參觀聖塚教堂。因為曾讀過十多年聖經,我對聖塚教堂的來歷和重要景點都很熟識,但卻不甚了解各派系鬥爭的歷史,因為神父不會講解。進入教堂之前導遊先生介紹各教派在教堂內的根據地,原來小小的教堂已被六個基督教派割據:它們是希臘正教 Greek Orthodox亞美尼亞教皇使徒 Armenian Apostolic羅馬天主教 Roman Catholic埃及正教 Coptic Orthodox埃塞俄比亞正教 Ethiopian Orthodox敘利亞正教 Syriac Orthodox 基督教在聖塚教堂並沒有立足之地,因為它只在數百年前成立,沒有捲入千多年前的鬥爭。在聖塚教堂之內,六個教派之中以希臘正教勢力最大,其歷史最久遠。耶穌死後其門徒不斷被猶太人和羅馬人打壓,只為地下教派。直至公元四世紀,君士但丁大帝始立之為國教,其母后海倫拿更到以色列尋找新約所述的各個地點建立教堂,其時已是耶穌死後約四百年。情形等於我們在現時二十一世紀去找尋清朝初期的明朝人士反清事件地點。究竟此地點是否真確?最後定論在一九八六年由耶路撒冷考古學家 Dan Bahat 作出。他說我們不能確定,但現時沒有其他地點可以推翻這說法。君士但丁大帝的東羅馬帝國就是在現時希臘,最古老的新約官方版本是古希臘文,而希臘正教就是最早使用聖塚教堂的教派。其後東羅馬帝國崩潰,正教四散到各地再各自發展。 雖然各基督教派都要在聖塚教堂分一杯羹,但近一千年來聖塚教堂的所在地耶路撒冷都是伊斯蘭教勢力範圍。統治者為求局勢安穩,一直都容許基督教派逗留在聖塚教堂;但因教派爭執不斷,教堂門口幾百年來都設有伊斯蘭守衛站。現時耶路撒冷是由猶太人管治,聖塚教堂的基督教派爭執由以色列警察處理。聖地很久以來已經不屬於基督徒。 聖塚教堂的全貌。十字架圓頂下面就是聖塚的位置。 現時聖塚教堂已經沒有伊斯蘭守衛,猶太人警察亦不見,門外有基督教派教士看守。 我從聖海倫拿小教堂 Chapel of St. Helena 進入聖塚教堂。只見狹窄的地方設有幾個不同教派的祭壇和座位,印象很深刻。這幾幅照片的祭壇應該是屬於亞美尼亞教皇使徒、希臘正教、羅馬天主教和埃塞俄比亞正教。
Climate Business
Harvard Business Review invited me to participate in a survey on green business, thinking I was still a senior manager of the government. In return, I was given a free copy of her Forethought Special Report: Climate Business. It is an useful report comprising twelve articles by renowned academics, covering various topics on the impact […]
The HD format war
The recent hot news on consumer electronics is the victory of the Sony Blu-ray format over the Toshiba HD DVD format in high-definition DVD. Now that Sony Blu-ray has dominated the market, what should be its business strategy? Harvard Business is hosting a discussion on the topic and the leading article is Winning the DVD […]
Illusion of freedom
In considering different views of different groups on the Queen’s Pier saga, I brought up the issue of freedom in honouring opposite views on grounds of freedom of speech. Freedom is not confined to freedom of speech. Freedom of action is another important aspect. Freedom of the will also has a deep philosophical meaning. The […]
Fishing Ban 休漁的故事
兩個月的南海休漁期會於八月一日結束。在這兩個月間,除刺網、延繩釣、手釣及籠捕外,其他捕魚作業模式一律禁止在南海中國水域使用。香港漁船,尤其是大部份要外出至南中國海沿岸捕魚的漁船,在休漁期間都要停業。 在南區的香港仔避風塘可以看到南海休漁期對香港漁業的影響。這一個地點本來已經是遊客常到的旅遊點,有很多舢舨接載遊客在避風塘內穿梭參觀漁港和漁船。在休漁期間,漁船都回港停泊,熱鬧情況只有農曆新年和天后誕才可以相比。似乎旅遊協會可以將南海休漁期包裝為旅遊項目,在國外宣傳,邀請外國遊客在休漁期間組團來港參觀。 漁護署估計全港約有一千四百艘漁船受休漁措施影響。在休漁期間,一排排的遠洋漁船隊都要停泊在避風塘內。這幾隊整齊的船隊可能屬於同一間漁業公司;因要休業而致無所事事。 在休漁期內,漁民可以修護船隻。漁護署在此期間會為漁民安排一些訓練課程,又有獎學金資助漁民前往上海水產大學修讀漁業培訓課程。 當漁船密集地停泊在一起時,會產生衛生問題,而火災和罪案發生的機會亦大增。海事處、警務處和消防處在這期間都很忙碌,要於避風塘內實施特別泊船安排和加強巡邏。 其實實施休漁期,可以保育漁業資源,促進漁業持續發展。中國農業部說實施南海休漁,可以有效存護產卵群體和幼魚資源,提高漁業資源密度而使漁獲量明顯增加, 漁獲組成變得多樣化;而每年休漁後都出現魚類大量群集現象,南海漁業資源得到恢復增長。實行休漁制度,不但減輕了捕撈强度,更節省了生產成本,使漁業經濟效益好轉。作業結構的調整,亦使漁業的可持續性提高。 漁民因為切身的利益,想法並不一樣。幾年前當休漁期開始實施時,漁民因有經濟損失而要求香港政府賠償。但是休漁措施是中國政策,香港漁民因為不能到中國水域捕魚而要求香港政府負責在道理上說不通。但漁護署並沒有逃避責任;她主動協助漁民於每年籌劃作業時要考慮休漁期帶來的影響,又透過魚類統營處貸款基金提供每首船數萬元的低息貸款,協助漁民渡過休漁期。 但漁民在休漁期間當然不甘寂寞。既然不可到南中國海捕魚,就不如在香港水域捕魚;這首漁船就在離住宅區很近的地點下網。我懷疑這些漁獲是否適宜食用。 除了捕魚,漁民仍有其他謀生方法。這位漁民駕著小船,拖著幾首裝上強光燈的小艇,是準備在夜間捕捉墨魚。 南丫島的南方海面,是捕墨魚的其中一個好地方。在晚上小船開了強光燈,墨魚自然就會游上來。 不過不是所有漁民都守規矩的。我看見這兩首漁船在航道上忽然靠近接觸幾分鐘交換物件,可能是避過魚類批發市場交易的魚產,或是其他避稅的貨物。 違法的交易經常會被警察干涉。即使在繁忙的航道上亦常常見到水警輪檢查來往的漁船。 如果警方未能完全堵截非法活動就有可能要勞煩海軍出動潛水艇。
Humble decision making
The reason of my search for my old article on decision making is another paper by Amitai Etzioni I obtained from the Internet just recently. It is called Humble Decision Making and is an elaboration of the decision making theory. Although it is old, published in HBR in 1989, many of the observations are still […]
Decision making
Some time ago, I had a discussion with friends on the theory of decision making. Decision making theory is one of my favourite subjects in college. In fact it is an examination question I chose to answer which helped me get good marks. My early study was based on a paper by Amitai Etzioni. The […]
The world is flat for Burberry
Whether you accept it for its virtue or reject it for its evil deed, the world is flat because of the present level of improvement in transportation and communication, making goods, services and information travelling freely around the world. There are profound changes and the human kind has to learn to adapt to it. When […]
Pursuing knowledge
There are many articles in the last few decades on pursuing knowledge as a competitive tool. They contrast sharply with the traditional view of knowledge seeking as self fulfilling. Many philosophers along three thousand years considered seeking knowledge as the end rather than the means. Knowledge had for a long long time been kept high […]